The commissioning of a new guided or automated rail transport system requires an in-depth analysis of all the methods, techniques, procedures, regulations and safety standards to ensure that the risk level of the future system does not present any danger likely to jeopardize the safety of travelers. Among these numerous safety methods implemented to guarantee safety at the system, automation, hardware and software level, there is a method called "Software Errors and Effects Analysis (SEEA)" whose objective is to determine the nature and the severity of the consequences of software failures, to propose measures to detect errors and finally to improve the robustness of the software. In order to strengthen and rationalize this SEEA method, we have agreed to use machine learning techniques and in particular Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) in order to assist the certification experts in their difficult task of assessing completeness and the consistency of safety of critical software equipment. The main objective consists, from a set of data in the form of accident scenarios or incidents experienced on rail transport systems (experience feedback), to exploit by automatic learning this mass of data to stimulate the imagination of certification experts and assist them in their crucial task of researching scenarios of potential accidents not taken into account during the design phase of new critical software. The originality of the tool developed lies not only in its ability to model, capitalize, sustain and disseminate SEEA expertise, but it represents the first research on the application of CBR to SEEA. In fact, in the field of rail transport, there are currently no software tools for assisting SEEAs based on machine learning techniques and in particular based on CBR.