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The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development clearly reflects the urgency to embed the principles of education for sustainable development (ESD) into all levels of education. ESD, understood as an integral part of quality education and all educational institutions, from preschool to higher education and in nonformal and informal education, can and should foster the development of sustainability competencies. This Special Issue entitled “Competencies in Education for Sustainable Development” responds to this urgency and the papers presented deliver recent developments in the field of ESD competencies. They focus on various perspectives: systematic literature reviews; curriculum developments; meta-analysis of the interrelation between sustainability content, competencies developed and pedagogical approaches used; testing and validation of evaluation tools and processes for sustainability competencies; and the development of conceptual models focused on different subject areas and educational levels (higher education, primary education, rural schools, external support services to schools, and extracurricular activities). The contributions indicate how the field of ESD competencies in the area of sustainability has become a major focus in recent years. Further research efforts need to be put into operationalizing sustainability competencies and developing tools to measure and evaluate students’ and educators’ competencies development.

Gender equality is still an issue in business schools, since women in MBAs classrooms, in faculty and in management teams have low representation. Challenges caused by lack of financial aids, salaries gap and a very masculine model avoid a better gender balance in the business graduate schools, which, globally, should lead women personal and professional development. The main objective of this research is to analyse business schools communication priorities related to gender equality projects and policies in their sustainability reports, considering these as a fundamental tool for corporate legitimacy. Through a content analysis of the sustainable reports of the top 50 business schools of the world, we elaborate a &ldquo ranking positions, the price of the MBA programmes, the percentage of female MBA students, of female faculty members and women in board of directors in the different geographical areas as Europe, US and Asia. Results show that gender equality related topics are a source of positive impact and legitimacy for top business schools. (in relation with scholarships and grants allocation) and &ldquo and we explore the correlations with the schools&rsquo Goal 4: quality of education&rdquo Goal 5: gender equality&rdquo Codes Frequency Report&rdquo focusing on &ldquo

The paper describes an ongoing work to embed several services in a Smart City architecture with the aim of achieving a sustainable city. In particular, the main goal is to identify services required in such framework to define the requirements and features of a reference architecture to support the data-driven methods for energy efficiency monitoring or load prediction. With this object in mind, a use case of short-term load forecasting in non-residential buildings in the University of Girona is provided, in order to practically explain the services embedded in the described general layers architecture. In the work, classic data-driven models for load forecasting in buildings are used as an example This research project has been partially funded through BR-UdGScholarship of the University of Girona granted to Joaquim MassanaRaurich. Work developed with the support of the research groupSITES awarded with distinction by the Generalitat de Catalunya(SGR 2014–2016), the MESC project funded by the Spanish MINECO (Ref. DPI2013-47450-C2-1-R) and the European Union’s Horizon2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreementNo 680708

The purpose of the article is to analyze through a service-experience framework the consequences and contingency factors of Service Delivery (SD) in Remarkable Tourism Experiences (RTE) and explore to what extent these factors interact to evoke delight behaviors in customers. The proposal was validated with empirical data from 284 tourists collected through survey method on remarkable experiences in hotels and restaurants. Both an exploratory and a confirmatory analysis were developed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The result highlights to what extent SD components identified (service staff, service availability, and customer service interaction) affect RTE and aid to evoke CD in tourists with high-quality memories. The service-experience model goes beyond the frontline employees with a service-oriented perspective to better understand the emerging factors that provide happiness in customers. The organizational staff is the most important component influencing a customer’s happiness and love feelings. The empirical findings support a model and measurement scale that allows analysis of the impact of SD component statements about customer delight (CD). The study shows the antecedents and interactions among SD emergent factors in RTE, specifically regarding CD behavior. The model proposed in this study links SD components and basic emotions and has important practical implications. This work was supported by Secretariat for Universities and Research, from the Department Economy and Knowledge of the Government of Catalonia, Spain; the European Social Fund, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [ECO2017-86054-C3-1-R], and the Autonomous Government of Catalonia [2017 SGR 1259]. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The privacy policies, terms, and conditions of use in any Learning Management System (LMS) are one-way contracts. The institution imposes clauses that the student can accept or decline. Students, once they accept conditions, should be able to exercise the rights granted by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). However, students cannot object to data processing and public profiling because it would be conceived as an impediment to teachers to execute their work with normality. Nonetheless, regarding GDPR and consulted legal advisors, a student could claim identity anonymization in the LMS, if adequate personal justifications are provided. Per contra, the current LMSs do not have any functionality that enables identity anonymization. This is a big problem that generates undesired situations which urgently requires a definitive solution. In this work, we surveyed students and teachers to validate the feasibility and acceptance of using aliases to anonymize their identity in LMSs as a sustainable solution to the problem. Considering the positive results, we developed a user-friendly plugin for Moodle that enables students’ identity anonymization by the use of aliases. This plugin, presented in this work and named Protected users, is publicly available online at GitHub and published under GNU General Public License. This work is carried out in the Doctorate Programme Formación en la Sociedad del Conocimiento de la Universidad de Salamanca [26–28]. The program is regulated by the Real Decreto 99/2011 [29]. Peer Reviewed

The aim of traffic engineering is to optimise network resource utilization. Although several works on minimizing network resource utilization have been published, few works have focused on LSR label space. This paper proposes an algorithm that uses MPLS label stack features in order to reduce the number of labels used in LSPs forwarding. Some tunnelling methods and their MPLS implementation drawbacks are also discussed. The algorithm described sets up the NHLFE tables in each LSR, creating asymmetric tunnels when possible. Experimental results show that the algorithm achieves a large reduction factor in the label space. The work presented here applies for both types of connections: P2MP and P2P.